How It Works

Unlike a standard camera that takes a single snapshot, a TDI sensor has multiple rows of pixels, or “stages,” stacked one after another. As a moving object passes under the camera, each row of pixels captures an image of the same line of the object.

The key to TDI is that the electronic charge generated by the light in each pixel row is shifted down the sensor in sync with the object’s movement. This means that as the object moves from one row to the next, the charge from the previous rows is added to the new charge, effectively integrating multiple exposures of the same line of the object.

This process, also called “forward motion compensation,” increases the signal-to-noise ratio and boosts the overall brightness and clarity of the image. The more stages a TDI sensor has, the greater its sensitivity. For example, a 10-stage TDI sensor can be 10 times more sensitive than a single-line scan camera.

Applications of TDI

TDI technology is widely used in industrial and scientific applications that require high-speed, high-sensitivity imaging.

  • Automated Optical Inspection (AOI): Inspecting printed circuit boards (PCBs), flat panel displays, and other electronics at high speeds on an assembly line.
  • Aerial Reconnaissance: Capturing clear, high-resolution images of the ground from a fast-moving aircraft or satellite, even in low light.
  • Semiconductor Wafer Inspection: Detecting microscopic defects on wafers during the manufacturing process.
  • Sorting and Quality Control: Rapidly inspecting and sorting items on a conveyor belt, like food products or mail.
  • Medical Imaging: Used in some radiography and angiography systems to capture detailed images of moving body parts.

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